Parasitic worms, also known as Helminths, are large parasites that can often be seen with the naked eye in their adult form. Many of these worms live in the human intestines and are transmitted through contaminated soil, food, or water, affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Others, such as schistosomes, live in blood vessels instead. It’s important to note that not all worm-like parasites are classified as helminths—some, like leeches, live on the outside of the body and are considered ectoparasites rather than internal parasites.
These parasitic worms survive by feeding on their host while weakening the body’s ability to absorb nutrients, which can lead to fatigue, illness, and long-term health issues. They pose a serious global health concern, particularly in regions with poor sanitation. Helminths have complex life cycles that include stages both inside and outside the human body, allowing them to spread effectively. They can also evade the immune system by releasing substances that reduce the body’s natural defenses, enabling them to live for years. Their eggs are highly resilient, with strong outer shells that protect them in harsh environments and increase the risk of ongoing transmission.